<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Economics and the Mathematical Methods</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Economics and the Mathematical Methods</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0424-7388</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6177</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Academy of Science</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S042473880004674-0</article-id><title-group><article-title>Non-Equilibrium Structural Models of the Real Sector of the Russian Economy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неравновесные структурные модели реального сектора российской экономики</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid"></contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Brodsky</surname><given-names>Boris</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бродский</surname><given-names>Борис Ефимович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>bbrodsky@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid"></contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aivazian</surname><given-names>Sergey</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айвазян</surname><given-names>Сергей Артемьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>aivazian@cemi.rssi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid"></contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bereznyatzkiy</surname><given-names>Alexander</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Березняцкий</surname><given-names>Александр Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>artandtech@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ЦЭМИ РАН</institution><institution xml:lang="en">Central Economics and Mathematics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ЦЭМИ РАН</institution><institution xml:lang="en">Central Economics and Mathematics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ЦЭМИ РАН</institution><institution xml:lang="en">Central Economics and Mathematics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences; Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-06-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>55</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p> 
This paper aims at description of prospects of the Russian economy in the middle-term scenario, when changes of the drivers of the economic growth are possible. How and due to which factors the Russian economy will go out the world economic crisis of 2019, what is the role of the economic policy in this situation? In this paper we consider a macroeconomic model created upon the main ideas of the structural modeling, which enables us to describe the main trajectories of economic development in different scenarios. In its essence this model disaggregates the sphere of the real production of the Russian economy into the following sectors: E.O.M. (export-oriented markets), D.O.M. (domestic-oriented markets), N.M. (natural monopolies). Interactions between these sectors are reflected of the final form of the model: the system of two first difference equations describes dynamics of the output in E.O.M. and D.O.M. sectors. Since the dynamics of output in the N.M. sector is determined from the outputs of E.O.M. and D.O.M. sectors and the total output of the Russian economy depends on the total output of the real sector, we can consider the aggregated values in subsequent stages of econometric modeling. With account of conjuncture factors revealed by theoretical analysis, we create the macroeconometric model, which gives estimates of price indicators and production indices in the main branches of the real sector. The novelty of the proposed approach to applied macroeconomic modeling of the Russian economy, thus, consists in taking into account the inner structure of the Russian economy, on the one hand, and the specific methodology of modeling for description of nonstationary transitional dynamics of the real data, on the other. In this manner, we arrive at the stage of econometric modeling, where the method of cointegration analysis of Engle-Granger is used.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель данной статьи — описать перспективы развития российской экономики в среднесрочном сценарии, когда возможны изменения движущих сил экономического роста. Как и за счет каких факторов экономика России будет выходить из мирового экономического кризиса 2018—2019 гг., какими могут быть ориентиры экономической политики в этих условиях? В работе построена макроэкономическая модель, основанная на идеях структурного моделирования и позволяющая описывать неравновесные режимы функционирования российской экономики при различных сценариях развития. По сути модель дезагрегирует сферу материального производства в России на сектора: экспорт-ориентированный сектор (ЭОС), внутренне-ориентированный сектор (ВОС), сектор естественных монополий (СЕМ). Взаимосвязи между этими секторами отражены в финальной форме модели: система из двух разностных уравнений моделирует динамику выпуска в ЭОС и ВОС. С учетом макроэкономических факторов, выделенных на стадии теоретического анализа, строится макроэконометрическая модель, позволяющая получить оценки ценовых показателей и индексов производства в важнейших отраслях реального сектора. Новизна предложенного подхода к прикладному макроэкономическому моделированию российской экономики состоит в: 1) учете структурных особенностей российской экономики; 2) методологии моделирования, позволяющей учесть нестационарные переходные процессы в экономике России. Теперь можно будет перейти к эконометрическому моделированию нестационарной динамики ключевых макропеременных российской экономики. При эконометрическом моделировании использована процедура коинтеграционного анализа Энгла—Грейнжера.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>economy of Russia; structural modeling; disaggregated macromodel</kwd><kwd>applied econometric analy-sis.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экономика России; структурное моделирование; дезагрегированная макромодель</kwd><kwd>при-кладной эконометрический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (проект 17-18-01080).</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This study was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project 17-18-01080).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>B1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Айвазян С.А., Енюков И.С., Мешалкин Л.Д. (1985). 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